Möbius inversion across all natural numbers (no divisors)

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I'm trying (self-taught) to understand more about Möbius inversion. Take two arithmetic functions $f$ and $g$ defined by

$$g(n)=\sum_{d|n}f(d)$$

(Presumably $d$ refers to divisors $>0$ and $\le n$). As I understand it, the inverse via Möbius inversion is then

$$f(n)=\sum_{d|n}\mu(d)g\biggl(\frac{n}{d}\biggr)$$

My question is this: is it possible to modify this to invert sums that run across all natural numbers? In other words, can I invert the following function?

$$g(x)=\sum_{n=1}^\infty f\bigl(h(x)\bigr)$$

where $h(x)$ is a third arithmetic function that applies $n$ as a variable. An example might be $h(x)=x^n$ - but please note that this is only an example, I am after a general solution.

Presumably I need to find a bijective relationship between $d$ and $\mathbb{N}$. If so, how? Or is there a better approach?