I have this
$$ | \xi |^{2} = 1 - 4p^{2}(1-p^{2})s^{4}$$
where $s = \sin\left(\frac\omega 2 \right)$. The method is said to be stable if $ | \xi|\leq1$.
From here I am supposed to deduce that this scheme is stable for $ -1 \leq p \leq 1$, but I do not know where to go from here... Can anyone suggest how?
Hints:
If $p^2\in[0,1]$ then $4p^2(1-p^2)\in [0, 1]$, say by AM-GM.
If $p^2>1$, then $(1-p^2)$ is negative, so your LHS is $>1$ unless $s=0$.