Open and closed sets for j-Spec $A$.

145 Views Asked by At

The following is from Matsumura,

Theorem 4.10 Let $A$ be a ring and $M$ a finite $A$-module.

(i) For any non-negative integer $r$ set $$U_r = \{p \in \text{Spec} \space A | M_\mathfrak{p} \text{can be generated over} A_\mathfrak{p} \text{by} \space r \space \text{elements}\}$$ then $U_r$ is an open subset of Spec $A$.

(ii) If $M$ is a module of finite presentation then the set $$U_F = \{\mathfrak{p} \in \text{Spec} \space A | M_\mathfrak{p} \text{is a free} \space A_\mathfrak{p}-\text{module}\}$$ is open in Spec $A$.

However, on page $37$, he states

For $n= 1, 2, ...$, the subset $X_n = \{ \mathfrak{p} \in$ j-Spec $A | \mu(\mathfrak{p}, M) \geq n\}$ is closed in $j$-Spec $A$ by Theorem $4.10$.

where $\mu(\mathfrak{p},M)$ is the cardinality of a minimal generating set of $M_\mathfrak{p}$ over $A_\mathfrak{p}$, and j-Spec $A$ is the set of all prime ideals which can be written as the intersection of maximal ideals.

By the subspace topology, (for j-Spec $A$) we have that

$U_n = \{p \in$ j-Spec $A | M_\mathfrak{p} \text{can be generated over} A_\mathfrak{p} \text{by} \space n \space \text{elements}\}$ is open in j-Spec $A$.

But

$U_n = \{p \in$ j-Spec $A | M_\mathfrak{p} \text{can be generated over} A_\mathfrak{p} \text{by} \space n \space \text{elements}\}$

$= \{ \mathfrak{p} \in$ j-Spec $A | \mu(\mathfrak{p}, M) \leq n\}$

So we can obviously see that the complement of this, which is

$\{ \mathfrak{p} \in$ j-Spec $A | \mu(\mathfrak{p}, M) > n\}$

must be closed in j-Spec $A$. However, Matsumura says that

$\{ \mathfrak{p} \in$ j-Spec $A | \mu(\mathfrak{p}, M) \geq n\}$

must be closed...which I don't understand, because the inequality is not strict (so it is not the complement of an open set). Is it possible if anybody can explain this to me?

Thanks in advance

1

There are 1 best solutions below

0
On BEST ANSWER

$U_{r-1} = \{p \in \text{Spec} \space A | M_\mathfrak{p} \text{ can be generated over} A_\mathfrak{p} \text{by} \space r-1 \space \text{elements}\}$ is also an open set in Spec $A$. Thus $U_{n-1} \cap j$-Spec $A$ is open in $j$-Spec $A$. And $X_n$ is just the complement of $U_{n-1} \cap j$-Spec $A$, hence closed.