There is a Principal Components Analysis chart: https://prnt.sc/j27oaf
I am not sure, on which vaulues are length of lines depends. How can I measure length of PCA1, PCAX? What is the meaning of lines above/below characters?
2026-03-25 07:44:06.1774424646
Parts of PCA charts
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More details could help, but I will try to guess the context. I believe that $S_1$, $S_2$ and $S_3$ are the original data axes. While the plane that is spanned by $PC_1$ and $PC_2$ is in the directions of the most variation. While the third principle component ($PC_3$) is probably neglectable, hence your data (the points) are projected (the straight lines) into the space of the first two PCs. And I'm not sure what do you mean by the "length" of the PC. Any eigen-vector is normalized, so the length of the loadings is $1$, however if you meant to measure its contribution, then you can take the ratio of the eigenvalues. Namely, the contribution of $PC_1$ is $\lambda_1/\sum_{i=1}^3 \lambda_i$. ( Note that $\operatorname{var}(PC_i) = \lambda_i$).