I'm reading this book:
And the first exercise is the following:
Let a be any positive number. For all positive integers n, we have a^n - 1 = 1.
Proof.
Base case: n = 1 a^1 - 1 = a^0 = 1.
This is true.
Now, when he tries to prove that a^(n + 1) - 1 = 1, I get confused in the third equality of the formula:
a^(n + 1) - 1 = a^n = ((a^n - 1) * ((a^n - 1)) / ((a^n - 1) - 1) = 1
The idea of the exercise is to prove that the proof is wrong. Now, where did he get the terms ((a^n - 1) * ((a^n - 1)) and ((a^n - 1) - 1) from? Why is he dividing one by the other?
Thank you beforehand for any help.