How can I find the smallest ordinal $\beta$ which satisfies the equation:
$\omega + \beta = \beta\;$?
HINT: Observe that it also has to satisfy
$$\omega+\omega+\beta=\omega+\beta=\beta\;,$$
$$\omega+\omega+\omega+\beta=\omega+\beta=\beta\;,$$
and in general $\omega\cdot n+\beta=\beta$ for $n\in\omega$. That fact should tell you what $\beta$ has to look like.
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HINT: Observe that it also has to satisfy
$$\omega+\omega+\beta=\omega+\beta=\beta\;,$$
$$\omega+\omega+\omega+\beta=\omega+\beta=\beta\;,$$
and in general $\omega\cdot n+\beta=\beta$ for $n\in\omega$. That fact should tell you what $\beta$ has to look like.