How can I solve
$$\arcsin\sqrt a = \arcsin\sqrt b - \dfrac h2$$
I would like solve for $a$ in terms of $b$ and $h$.
Very simple: Just take the sine of both sides and square:
$$\sqrt{a} = \sin \left( \sin^{-1} (\sqrt{b}) - h/2\right)$$
or
$$a = \sin^2 \left( \sin^{-1} (\sqrt{b}) - h/2\right)$$
I think I was able to solve the problem. I remembered
$y = \arcsin x$ is equivalent to $\sin y = x$
which turns the original equation to
$a = (\sin(\arcsin\sqrt b - h/2))^2$
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Very simple: Just take the sine of both sides and square:
$$\sqrt{a} = \sin \left( \sin^{-1} (\sqrt{b}) - h/2\right)$$
or
$$a = \sin^2 \left( \sin^{-1} (\sqrt{b}) - h/2\right)$$