Surjectivity of $A^G/NA\to H^2(G,A)$ for $G$ finite cyclic

26 Views Asked by At

I'm trying to solve an exercise in Morandi's "Field and Galois Theory", which guides one through the proof that the second cohomology group of $G=\langle\sigma\rangle$ finite is $A^G/NA$, where $A^G=\{\sigma a=a\}$ and $N=\sum_{j=0}^{n-1}\sigma^j\in\mathbb Z[G]$. Morandi does this the following way

Show that $A^G\to H^2(G,A),\,\,a\mapsto [f_a]$, where $$f_a(\sigma^i,\sigma^j)=\begin{cases}0,&0\leq i+j<n\\a,&n\leq i+j<2n-1\end{cases}$$ is a group homomorphism. Show that $NA$ is its kernel. Show that if $f\in Z^2(G,A)$ and $a=\sum_{j=0}^{n-1}f(\sigma^j,\sigma)$, then $[f]=[f_a]$.

I've showed the first two statements and that $\sum_{j=0}^{n-1}f(\sigma^j,\sigma)\in A^G$, however I'm having trouble showing $f\sim f_a$. Morandi provides the following hint

Make use of the cocyle condition $$\sigma^if(\sigma^j,\sigma)-f(\sigma^{i+j},\sigma)+f(\sigma^i,\sigma^{j+1})-f(\sigma^i,\sigma^j)=0.$$

I suppose the idea is to sum these over all $i,j$, then break the sums apart depending on whether $i+j<n$ or $i+j\geq n$, but I haven't been able to make this work yet.

Note that I am familiar with the resolution argument (any projective resolution yields the same cohomology groups, use a specific resolution for the case of $G$ cyclic) and am looking strictly for an elementary proof of the above.