$\{X_n\}$ is uniformly integrable if $\lim_{M \rightarrow \infty} (\sup_n \mathbb{E}(|X_n| \chi_{|X_n| > M}) = 0$
I would like to know if
$\{X_i\}$ uniformly integrable $\implies \sup_n \mathbb{E}(|X_n|^p) < \infty$, for p > 1.
I know that for p = 1 that is not true! But is it for p > 1?
You meant $\{X_n\}$ are uniformly integrable if
$$ \lim_{M\to\infty} \sup_n E[ |X_n|\chi_{\{|X_n|>M\}}]=0$$
(e.g. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform_integrability)
Now for your question. Answer is NO.
Why ? In general the random variables are not in $L^p$. Easy example to remember $X_n = X$, where $X$ is a random variable in $L^1$ but not in $L^p$ for any $p>1$. Then the sequence is trivially UI.
The the reverse implication is true: , Given $p>1$, if $\sup E [|X_n|^p] =C <\infty$, then $\{X_n\}$ are uniformly integrable.
Proof:
By Holder,
$$ E [|X_n| \chi_{\{|X_n| >M\}}]\le (E [|X_n|^p])^{1/p} P(|X_n|>M)^{1/q}=(*)$$
But, $$P(|X_n|>M) \le E [|X_n|^p]/M^p.$$
Therefore
$$(*) \le C M^{-p/q},$$
and the result follows.