I am stuck on this question.
We know there exists (p-1)/2 number of quadratic residues in $Z_{p}$, how about in $Z_{p^a}$? Can we approach it by Hensel's Theorem?
For example, What is the number of quadratic residues in $Z_{11^4}$?
I am stuck on this question.
We know there exists (p-1)/2 number of quadratic residues in $Z_{p}$, how about in $Z_{p^a}$? Can we approach it by Hensel's Theorem?
For example, What is the number of quadratic residues in $Z_{11^4}$?
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