What is the time complexity of finding the most significant digit of $3\uparrow\uparrow n$? I know we can find the least significant digits in constant time using modular arithmetic, is the most significant digit known to be harder to compute?
2026-03-25 12:28:18.1774441698
What is the time complexity of finding the most significant digit of $3\uparrow\uparrow n$?
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The first digit of $$3\uparrow\uparrow 4$$ still can be determined. We have $$\log_{10}(3)\cdot 3^{(3^3)}=3638334640024.099685574579370$$
Since $10^{0.1}<2$ , we can conclude that the first digit is $1$.
But to calculate the first digit of $$3\uparrow\uparrow 5$$ , we need the logarithm of $3\uparrow\uparrow 5$ with precision better than $1.0$
With a supercomputer, it might be possible to calculate the logarithm precise enough. The magnitude of the logarithm is roughly $10^{(10^{12.56)}}$.
The first digit of $3\uparrow\uparrow n$ for any $n\ge 6$ cannot be caclaulated because the logarithm simply gets too large.