Where to find reference for the energy method $\lambda u- \Delta u=f(x) \hspace{1cm} x \in \Omega, \hspace{1cm}$

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Why do I need to multiply by the function w in the energy method to guaranty at most one solution?

This is the example $\lambda u- \Delta u=f(x) \hspace{1cm} x \in \Omega, \hspace{1cm} u=0 \hspace{0.1cm} \in \partial \Omega)$

I am applying the energy method: For this, I suppose there are two solutions $u$ and $v$ and construct $w=u-v$. In the process, I multiply $w$ by the whole expression i.e.

$\lambda w^2- w\Delta w=0$

After some calculation, I check that $u=v$. But, where is the explanation of the method that explains that it is necessary to multiply by w?