Why is the ratio of two particular sides of the right triangle equal to sine of the angle?

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NO COORDINATES, I find them extremely detrimental to conceptual and geometric reasoning.

How did people calculate the angles of triangles from its sides before the trig functions, and why do the trig functions defined as solutions to differential equations and expressed as infinite series have such geometric realization.?

Why exactly does the sine infinite series of the angle give me the ratio of corresponding triangle sides?