3D projection onto 2D plane to determine transformation matrix?

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I'm not sure if there is an actual solution to this problem or not, but thought I would give it a shot here to see if anyone has any ideas. So here goes:

I basically have three vertices of a rigid triangle with known 3D coordinates. The vertices are projected onto a 2D plane, in which I also know the 2D coordinates. A transformation matrix is applied to the original three points (can be a combination of rotation and translation) and I now know the new 2D projection coordinates.

Is it possible to obtain either the unknown transformation matrix or the new coordinates? Any ideas are much appreciated. Thanks!