Three points $A,O,B$ are given, and $0<\theta=\widehat{AOB}<\frac{\pi}{3}$.
It is known that there are two points $A',B'$ on the segments $OA,OB$ such that $$ BB'=B'A'=A'A $$ holds. How to find them with straightedge and compass?
The problem is straightforward to solve through trigonometry: if we set $$OA=A,\;OB=b,\;\cos\theta=c,\; AA'=x$$ it boils down to solving the second-degree equation: $$ (a-x)^2+(b-x)^2 - 2(a-x)(b-x)c = x^2, $$ but I wasn't able to find an elegant solution through straightedge and compass only.

Thanks to Xaver, a simple solution (but a not-so-trivial one).
So, let $P$ be a point of $OA$ and $Q$ be the corresponding $Q$-point on $OB$, as in Lemma 1.
Let $D=BP\cap AQ$ and $\ell$ be the line through $D$ that is parallel to the angle bisector of $\widehat{AOB}$.
Let $I$ be the incenter of $AOB$ and $\Gamma$ the circumcircle of $AIB$.
Then $\color{blue}{C=\ell \cap \Gamma}$ and $A',B'$ are easily found.