A one word name for "taking a root" operation?

Question

We have addition and subtraction, multiplication and division, But what about raising to a power and taking roots? I hear about "exponentiation" recently, a term that I don't recall being used before (like 15 or 20 years ago), I guess it's alright. But I wonder if there is a term for taking roots too. It's kind of strange that we don't have a simple name for this operation, like we do for other arithmetic operations.

Answer 1

The general English term is "root extraction" as in "We shall now extract the square/cube/$n$th root of the positive nonnegative real number $x$."

An example is offered by this paper: https://www.jstor.org/stable/2970154

Arnold Emch: Two Hydraulic Methods to Extract the nth Root of any Number

The American Mathematical Monthly, Vol. 8, No. 1 (Jan., 1901), pp. 10-12 (3 pages)

There are similar terms in the Nordic languages. In Danish the term for extracting, say, square root of a number is "at uddrage kvadratroden af et tal", where the verb "uddrage" is an archaic version of extraction.