Given a random process (algorithm) that is supposed to generate with equal probability graphs from a given class $\Gamma$. Assume the process is not obviously biased, i.e. generating graphs unevenly (giving for example some graph properties a stronger weight).
How can it be checked or proved that the algorithm doesn't generate a finite amount of graphs with some property which in fact almost never occurs in $\Gamma$?
A related question is this one.
The method(s) will very much depend on the problem at hand, let me share few articles to make the point clear:
Here they proposed an algorithm to find a planted clique and showed that it works with a probability bounded below by a constant.
Here they proved that certain algorithms will not succeed to find the largest independent set in sparse random graphs with high probability.