As the title says, I would like to know if we can define an operation $\cdot$ such as every abelian group and commutative field form a vector space.
Since $\cdot$ is a function, $\cdot : VK \rightarrow X$, I think one can define $\cdot$ in the following manner: $$\cdot(\alpha,v) = v, if \ \alpha = 1_K$$ $$\cdot(\alpha,v) = 0, if \ \alpha \in K - \{ 1_K\}$$
By this we would define the "trivial" operation $\cdot$ (ab = 0 ,$\forall$ a,b) and we would also be able to satisfy the $1_K\cdot v = v$ axiom of vector spaces, I believe.
Unfortunately, this is all I've been able to come up with (and I'm not even sure if it this definition stands true). Any help is much appreciated!
Your definition doesn't work. You haven't verified the vector space axioms. According to your definition, we would have to have $2v=0$ and $3v=0$ (assuming $2,3 \ne 1$ in the field $K$), and then subtracting the 2 equations, the distributive law gives $1v=0$. But your definition says $1v=v$ for all $v$.