I am trying to define the Absolute function in set notation. $$ |x|= \begin{cases} x, \text{ if x $\ge$ 0} \\ -x, \text{ if x $<$ 0} \end{cases} $$
Here are my two attempts: $$f_1=\{(x,y)\in\mathbb{R \times R}: (x\ge0\implies y=x) \land (x<0\implies y=-x)\}$$ $$f_2=\{(x,y)\in\mathbb{R \times R}: (x\ge0\land y=x) \lor (x<0\land y=-x)\}$$
The first attempt is restating the definition but in set notation.
The set written should be ONLY one set. No unions are allowed.
Questions:
1) Which definition is correct(or both are wrong) ? Explain why.
2) Is there any mechanical way for writing functions in set notation given their cases ?
3) Assuming one of the above are correct how can I prove that it is a function ? If none are correct then provide correct one with explanation.
4) I am not sure but I think $f_1=f_2$. Is that right ?
One possibility could be $\;\{(x,y) \in \mathbb{R} \times \mathbb{R}^+ \mid x^2 = y^2\}\;$.