I understand why A & C are correct but I don't get how E is a possible length since whatever number I plug in for x I get a number greater than 5x+5...
$2x + 17 < 5x + 5 \iff 12 < 3x \iff x > 4$. The question asks when this could be a possible answer, which it could (if $x > 4$).
Note how the other answers are never possible ($x+2$ will never be greater than $x+3$, $5x+6$ will never be smaller than $5x+5$ for positive $x$)
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$2x + 17 < 5x + 5 \iff 12 < 3x \iff x > 4$. The question asks when this could be a possible answer, which it could (if $x > 4$).
Note how the other answers are never possible ($x+2$ will never be greater than $x+3$, $5x+6$ will never be smaller than $5x+5$ for positive $x$)