Proper class of operations

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Usually, a collection of operations forms a set. But I've heard of an example where it is (must be) a proper class. Namely, that

$\mathbb{CompHauss}$

becomes a variety if proper class of operations is allowed. What are the operations? I have heard of ultrafilter convergences, but I do not know what they technically are. Why small set of them doesn't yield that $\mathbb{CompHauss}$ is a variety?

BTW, how the smallness of the collection of operations is used in the proof of Birkhoff's type theorem on $HSP$ being the variety?