Question about proof that Flabby sheaves are acyclic

966 Views Asked by At

Can anybody help me understand this proof?

In Rotman's 'An introduction to homological algebra' in Proposition 6.75 (iii). Flabby sheaves $\mathcal{L}$ are acyclic (Page 381), in the proof it says

Let $\mathcal{L}$ be flabby. Since there are enough injectives, there is an exact sequence $0 \rightarrow \mathcal{L} \rightarrow \mathcal{E} \rightarrow \mathcal{Q} \rightarrow 0$ with $\mathcal{E}$ injective. Now $\mathcal{E}$ is flabby, by Corollary 6.74 (Corollary 6.74 says that every injective sheaf $\mathcal{E}$ over a space $X$ is flabby), and so $\mathcal{Q}$ is flabby, by part (ii) (Part (ii) says: Let $0 \rightarrow \mathcal{L}' \rightarrow \mathcal{L} \rightarrow \mathcal{Q} \rightarrow 0$ be an exact sequence of sheaves. If $\mathcal{L}'$ and $\mathcal{L}$ are flabby, then $\mathcal{Q}$ is flabby). We prove that $H^{q}(\mathcal{L}) = 0$ by induction on $q \geq 1$. If $q = 1$, the long exact cohomology sequence contains the fragment

$H^{0}(\mathcal{E}) \rightarrow H^{0}(\mathcal{Q}) \rightarrow H^{1}(\mathcal{L}) \rightarrow H^{1}(\mathcal{E})$.

Since $H^{1}(\mathcal{E}) = \left\{ 0\right\}$, we have $H^{1}(\mathcal{L}) = coker(\Gamma(\mathcal{E}) \rightarrow \Gamma(\mathcal{Q}))$. But this cokernel is $0$, by part (i), and so $H^{1}(\mathcal{L}) = \left\{ 0\right\}$...

Q: I don't get where the coker part came from? Why is $H^{1}(\mathcal{L}) = coker(\Gamma(\mathcal{E}) \rightarrow \Gamma(\mathcal{Q}))$?? I'm lost here

1

There are 1 best solutions below

1
On BEST ANSWER

The exact sequence fragment $$H^{0}(\mathcal{E}) \rightarrow H^{0}(\mathcal{Q}) \rightarrow H^{1}(\mathcal{L}) \rightarrow H^{1}(\mathcal{E})$$ becomes, after the observation that the last term is $0$, $$H^{0}(\mathcal{E}) \rightarrow H^{0}(\mathcal{Q}) \rightarrow H^{1}(\mathcal{L}) \rightarrow 0.$$ Because this is exact, the map $H^0(\mathcal{Q})\to H^1(\mathcal{L})$ is onto. Therefore, by the isomorphism theorems, $$H^1(\mathcal{L}) \cong \frac{H^0(\mathcal{Q})}{\mathrm{ker}(H^0(\mathcal{Q})\to H^1(\mathcal{L}))}.$$ But since the sequence is exact, $\mathrm{ker}(H^0(\mathcal{Q})\to H^1(\mathcal{L})) = \mathrm{Im}(H^0(\mathcal{E})\to H^0(\mathcal{Q}))$. So: $$H^1(\mathcal{L}) \cong \frac{H^0(\mathcal{Q})}{\mathrm{ker}(H^0(\mathcal{Q})\to H^1(\mathcal{L}))} = \frac{H^0(\mathcal{Q})}{\mathrm{Im}(H^0(\mathcal{E})\to H^0(\mathcal{Q}))} = \mathrm{Coker}(H^0(\mathcal{E})\to H^0(\mathcal{Q})).$$