Ramsey Number on R3

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Let R(s,s,s) be the smallest integer n such that every 3-coloring of the edges of Kn contains a monochromatic Ks.

1) show R(s,s,s) ≤ 27^s

2) calculate an exponential lower bound for R(s,s,s), which grows exponentially with s.

For 1) I derived that $R(s,s,s) < R (s,R(s,s)) = R(s, \binom{2s-2}{s-1})$ I dont really know how to derive the 27^s result.

for 2) any hint would be appreciated.