What would be the best books covering topics like Algebra, Geometry (Euclidean geometry) and Calculus? Which classics can be recommended (classics in the sense of historical works that have been widely disseminated throughout the history of mathematics, for example: Euclid's Elements)?
I would like to have an overview of the main classics that influenced paradigms and changes in the history of mathematics (I understand that reading can be considered difficult, but I am willing to risk it).
Objective: Historical Curiosity.
Linear algebra by Gilbert Strang is a very standard book on Linear algebra.
Engineering mathematics by BS Grewal, McGraw Hill Publications is also a very good book which covers a great deal of mathematical topics you have mentioned.
For geometry, please let me know what field you need. Like Euclidean geometry, coordinate geometry, differential geometry or whatever. I can suggest you books only after that. See, geometry covers many aspects of mathematics and no one book can cover all aspects of it. Please be specific.