In Kees Doets' Basic Model Theory, there is a lemma(3.12) as follows:
- $$k,m\geq2^n-1\implies Sy(k,m,n).$$
- $$m\geq2^n-1\implies Sy(\omega+\omega*,m,n).$$
where:
- $Sy(A,B,n)$ is a notation for the situation that the Spoiler has a winning strategy in the Ehrenfeucht–Fraïssé game of n rounds, in which $A$ and $B$ are the two structures.
- $k,m,\omega$ are order types.
What confuses me is the notation $\omega+\omega*$. $\omega$ denotes the order type of natural numbers, and $\omega*$ denotes the order type of the dual of natural numbers(the reversed order). Then what about $\omega+\omega*$? Does it denote
- $\{0,1,2,3,…,…,ω+3,ω+2,ω+1,ω\}$, that is, $\omega$ followed by $\omega*$
or
- $\{…,−3,−2,−1, 0,1,2,3,…\}$, that is, $\omega*$ followed by $\omega$?
It's the former. In general, for $A,B$ linear orders, "$A+B$" is the linear order consisting of a copy of $A$ followed by a copy of $B$.
(Incidentally, "$\zeta$" is used to denote the ordertype of the integers, so $\omega^*+\omega=\zeta$. This is your second possibility.)