Why does base*height work?

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I want to rigorously prove the idea that Base*Height=Area works (I do realise there are shapes which do not satisfy this equation). I think I can see why it works for integer values, but I want something that gives me the correct intuition for all positive numbers.

Because of my level, I would appreciate if nothing beyond calculus is used to prove this. (Although I doubt calculus is needed).

Edit: As asked, my level is multivariable calculus, or CALC III in the US I guess. I want to prove this basically for a rectangle.

Thanks a lot.