What is the average of $\frac{1}{d^a}$ where $a>0$ and $d$ is the distance between point at $(x,y)=(-l,0)$ and points on a circle with radius $r$ centered at point $(x,y)=(0,0)$?
I am totally confused how to solve this.
What is the average of $\frac{1}{d^a}$ where $a>0$ and $d$ is the distance between point at $(x,y)=(-l,0)$ and points on a circle with radius $r$ centered at point $(x,y)=(0,0)$?
I am totally confused how to solve this.
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