Possible telescopic sum

179 Views Asked by At

Prove that $$\sum_{k=1}^n 4^{k}\sin^{4} \left(\frac{a}{2^k}\right) = 4^{n}\sin^{2} \left(\frac{a}{2^n}\right) - \sin^{2}a$$


I suspect that telescopic sum is involved but don't know how to proceed. Please do not use induction, since the problem was given as objective.

Please help me with this problem.

2

There are 2 best solutions below

0
On BEST ANSWER

Render

$4^k\sin^4(\dfrac{a}{2^k})=4^k\sin^2(\dfrac{a}{2^k})\color{blue}{\sin^2(\dfrac{a}{2^k})}=4^k\sin^2(\dfrac{a}{2^k})-4^k\sin^2(\dfrac{a}{2^k})\cos^2(\dfrac{a}{2^k})$

And then, with the double angle formula $\sin 2x= 2\sin x\cos x$:

$\sin^2(\dfrac{a}{2^k})\cos^2(\dfrac{a}{2^k})=(4^{-1})\sin^2(\dfrac{a}{2^{k-1}})$

Substitute the right side of the second equation for the sine-cosine product in the first one and identify the telescoping difference.

0
On

$$\sin^4 x= \sin^2 x(1-\cos^2 )= \sin^2 x- 4^{-1} \sin^2 2x$$ Let $x=a/2^n$ then we get the right differencing as

$$4^n\sin^4\frac{ a}{2^n}= \left(4^n \sin^2 \frac{a}{2^n}- 4^{n-1} \sin^2 \frac{a}{2^{n-1}} \right),$$ For telescopic summation.