Suppose that I set X ∈ {0,1},
How can I prove that COV(X,Y)/VAR(X) =E(Y|X=1)−E(Y|X=0)?
I try thinking of COV(X,Y)=COV(X,E(Y|X)) and divide the term with the conditional variance.Thus, the unknown in the equation is Y.
What I have tried is as follows.
COV(X,E(Y|X))=E(X E(Y|X))-E(X)E(E(Y|X))
For the variance,
VAR(X)=E(X^2)-(E(X))^2
However, when I divided COV with VAR. it seems that I cannot arrange the term to the answer.
Please, Any hints and guidances are very much appreciated.