A quadratic of the form
$$h(t)=gt^2+v_0t+h_0$$
where $t$ is time in seconds, $g$ is acceleration due to gravity, and $h(t)$ is height in meters - can be used to approximate the theoretical (no wind resistance etc) trajectory of a projectile. If $h_0=0$ and the ground is level, the initial velocity is $v_0$, and the firing angle is $\theta = \arcsin{(v_0)}$. Accordingly, increasing $v_0$ rapidly increases $\theta$.
Here is my question:
At the level of a high school geometry student, how can I change my $v_0$ while leaving $\theta$ constant. In other words, how can I modify my $h(t)$ equation so that $\theta$ is fixed but $v_0$ can be modified? Assume understanding of basic trig ratios, but very little understanding of trig functions. For instance, how could I obtain a quadratic model with a $v_0$ of 40 m/s and an initial firing angle of $\frac{\pi}{4} = 45$?
The goal is to allow students to find a particular quadratic model (that accounts for gravity correctly but not other factors) that can be used to launch a projectile to hit a target.
Posting solutions of any kind is appreciated; posting a solution in high school level math is greatly appreciated.
You want $\boxed{h(t)=gt^2+v_0\sin(\theta)t+h_0}$.
This is because the vertical component of the $v_0$ arrow pointed in the $\theta$ direction has height $v_0\sin(\theta)$.
By the way, in this problem $g=-4.9$, because the acceleration due to gravity is $-9.81$ m/$s^2$.